Depression is associated with an increased frequency of smoking. Attempts to quit smoking often lead to a decreased level of pleasure and undesirable mood swings. Thus, once the brain has adapted to the daily dose of the drug, it seems abnormal to the brain if the user attempts to abstain. New research has suggested that there may be something in cigarette smoke that has antidepressant properties, which explains why cigarette smoking is much more common among depressed patients.
There are thousands of chemicals other than nicotine constituents in cigarette smoke, of which one, or several, may affect mood in much the same way as a group of antidepressant medications called monoamine oxidase inhibitors or (MAOIs). These MAOIs effectively increase levels of specific neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of mood.
Smoking, therefore, may be a way for depressed individuals to self-medicate depressive symptoms. Consequently, healthcare professionals who offer smoking cessation programs should offer depression screening and be prepared to address underlying mood disorders as part of a comprehensive smoking cessation program.
Depression in smoking teens
Teens who smoke appear to be more likely to develop depressive symptoms than their non-smoking peers, according to new research published in the October issue of Paediatrics. Researchers have typically viewed depression as increasing the likelihood of smoking behaviour.
Cigarette use is a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms. In fact, non-depressed teens who smoke face approximately a four times greater risk of developing depression than non-smoking teens.
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